RURAL DEVELOPMENT

RURAL DEVELOPMENT

 Rural development is a comprehensive term which essentially focusses on action fr the development of areas that are lagging behind in the overall development of the village economy

@ Reason and issue in rural development :-

- Developing literacy rate
- Developing Human resources
- Land Reformd
- Developing Productive resources
- Alleviation Of Poverty

@ Rural Credit :-

         it Literaly means loan in form of credit given to farmer, which may be of many type are

* Long-Term credit :-

          Loans given to farmer for about 5-20 year for their land, tube well or tractor purposes

* Medium-term Credit :-

         loand duration for about 5 year period for buying machinery or related work given to farmer

* Short Term Credit :-

          these are loan given to farmer for buying seeds, manure or etc material for about 6-12 months

@ Sources Of Rural credit :-

            these are those credit financer who gave farmer credit when they required but there are exploited by many ways are :-
- faulty measurement which should be done by retailer
- Framer who don't know there products should be cheated
- Farmer also lack storage facilities, development facilities are

       # These Group Are Classified into  2 group

i) Non-Institutional Sources or Informal Sector :-

            these include moneyleader, traders and commision agents, lanlords , friend and relatives

ii) Formal sector  Institutional sources :-

           These are played major role in quantitative expansion and diversification of funds

 @ Function of Co-operative sector ;'-

       *  Help to incresed Flow of credit
* Help to Eliminate Money leaders
* Reduce regional imbalance

@ Commercial Banks :- 

            There are those Bank  which provide loans to farmer for agricultural purposes which classified into two Part

i) Direct Advances :-

           These these may be of short, medium or long term production loan ,which refund by farmer after their production or harvest crops , which ensures bank their recovery

ii) Indirect Advances :-

           here these method credit granted to dealer for their fertilizer to meet their working capital requirement

@ Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) :-

              these are working on that selected areas where banking facilities are absent

@ National Bank for Agriculture And rural development (NABARD) :-

                  it help to raised resources from government and the market

# FUnction :-

- provide short, to long term credit to state government
- It to take responsibility of inspecting cooperative banks,
-  provide research in field of agriculture

@ SHGs and micro Credit Programme :-

       self help group = SHGs , these are the group of people whose collects money until desired timing , these money can also distrubuted time to time to their member if they need it and they return their money after their work with given interest , these creates good environment in their participatents

@ Rural Banking :-

    these provide positive role in Raising farm output, also provide long term loan and create  employement also

# Limitation :-

- Create Regional inequalities
- Large Amounts Of Overdues Problem
-  Small amount of reasonable credit goes to farmer

@ Agricultural marketing :-

        it is defined as a process of marketing farm produce through wholesalers and stockists to ultimate consumers

# feature :-

- Agricultural product rate determined by government
- Instantly price hiking not done eventually
- if demand doesn't not increase so much then price of agricultural product fall
- farmer have to sell products as soon before these are perishable by nature

# Defects :-

* Not proper supply of warehouse
* No proper market stratergy
* Lack of financial and professionalism guidence
* Malpractises
* other reason

@ Steps By Government :-

- Government form Regulated market
- Government help to develop better transport system
- Government Create Co-operative Marketing measure to ensure fair prices
Government ensures minimum amount before season off so that farmer get reasonable prices

@ Diversification of Agricultural activities :-

   defined as major proportion of increasing labour force in agricultural sector which needs to find alternate employement oppurtunities in other non-farm sector

@ Agriculture Diversification :-

               * In Animal Husbandary :-
                                     Due To indian's mixed live stock crop farming system , it provide increased stability in income , food security , get in better employement , These also help in increase in milk production and other products like meat, eggs, wool etc
* Fisheries :-
           these fisheries business got about 49% of conribution which take about 1.4% of total GDP
* Horticulture mainly deals with crops which may be fruit , vegetable, flower related these secor also contribute high productivity

@ Organic Farming :-

     These are type of system of farming that maintain ,enhances and restores the ecological balance

# Why Need :-

            - Help in prevention of chemical in agricuture field to suitable new finds
- it help to promote sustainable development
- it is type of inexpensive farming technology

# Advantages :-

* It help in generating more income
* Better food quality should be attained
* Environment friendly process
* It Help in generating employement