Biome Types

A biome is a major terrestrial community characterized by a distinct climate and inhabited by a particular species of plants and animals. In other words, biomes are ecosystems of plants and animals that occur over wide areas of land within specific climatic regions and are easily recognized by their overall appearance. Each biome is similar in its structure and appearance whenever it occur on earth and differs significantly from other biome , biome are sometime named by the climatic vegetation of the region, e.g tropical rain forest. The characteristic of biome are a direct result of their temperature and rainfall patterns. Biome are often classified in seven categories

 1. Tropical rain forest :- 

 The tropical rain forest, a biome occurs in regions of high temperature and high rainfall . these tropical rain forests occur in central America, around amazon basin in south america, in Africa and in south east Asia In India, tropical rain forests occur in Arunachal pradesh, Assam, meghalaya , Nagaland, Tripura, Western Ghats, west Bengal and andaman and nicobar islands, which receives heavy rainfall 

2. Savannahs :- 

 Like tropical forests, savannahs are found near the equator but in areas having less annual rainfall. Some areas near the equator experience prolonged dry season. The heat, periodic dryness and poor soils cannot support the forest. But have led to evolution of tropical open grasslands with scattered shrubs and trees, the savannahs . these areas situated between the tropical rainforest and deserts cover much of central and southern Africa, western India, northern Australia, northern and east central south america and some of malaysia 

 3. Deserts :- 

 These are the biome that have 25 cm is less precipitation annually. Major deserts occur around 20-30 of north and southern latitude, where the warm air arising from the equator falls. Deserts are present in south-west USA, Mexico , central and west Australia, coastal area of chile and peru and tibet in north of Himalaya 

4. Temperate grasslands :- 

Experiences a greater amount of rainfall than deserts but a lesser amount than savannahs . they occur at higher latitudes than savannahs but like Savannahs are characterized by perennial grasses and herbs of grazing mammals 

5. Temperate deciduous :- 

 Temperature deciduous forests occur in areas having warns summers, cold winters and moderate amount of precipitation the trees of this forest loose their leaves during autumn and remain dormant throughout winter. These Forest are present in eastern united States, Canada and extensive region in Eurasia
                     

6. Taiga :- 

 The taiga or northern coniferous forests or boreal forests consists of evergreen, cone bearing trees like spruce , hemlock and fir and extend across vast areas of Eurasia and north America. 

7. Tundra :-

 The tundra encircles the top of the world this biome is characterized by deserts like levels of precipitation, extremely long and cold winters and short warmer summers, farthest north in Eurasia , north America and their associated island is the open and often boggy or marshy community called tundra