Mentraul cycle

Menstrual cycle :-

1. Mentrual cycle is the cyclic changes in reproductive tract of primates females
2. Mentruation is the periodic shedding of the endometrium of uterus with bleeding
3. In healthy women, menstruation occur at intervals of about 28 days
4. Menarche Is the starting of the menstruation in girls at about 13 years
5. Menstrual cycle consist of menstrual phase, proliferative phase(follicular phase), secretary phase (Luteal phase)
6. Proliferative phase (5^th to 14^th day) consists of growth of endometrium of uterus , fallopian tube & vagina
7. In ovary, a graffian follicle grows, matures & secretes estrogen during the phase
8. Estrogen Is the harmone active during proliferative phase
9. The ovum is ejected form the follicle near the end of proliferative phase , i.e 14^th day or midway during menstraul cycle
10. Ovulation occurs under the influence of LH from pituitary
11. The subsequent 14 days in which corpus  luteum is active is referred to as the secretory phase
12. Progesterone secreted by corpus luteum is active during secretory phase
13. The uterine endometrium and glands grows further during secretory phase
14. At the end, of secretory phase, corpus luteum degenerates in the ovary , progesterone secretion fails, the overgrown uterine endometrium breaks down & menstruation takes place
15. Menstrual cycle is controlled by FSH, LH , Estrogen & progesterone
16. The menstraul cycle & Menstruation remain suspended during pregnancy & Lactation
17. Menopause (Climacteric) is the period of life when menstruation naturally stops
18. Menopause occurs in females at age of 45-50 years
19. Cessation of mentrual  cycle is called  menopause
20. Ability to reproduce is lost in the female after menopause