Fracture & its types

Fractures

 A break or crack in a bone is called a fracture. This is caused by direct violence, indirect violence or muscular action.broadly the fractures can be classified as open or closed . An open fracture has a wound in case of  a close fracture

Types of fracture :-

Fractures can be put under the following categories

1.       Simple fracture :- the bone is broken into two pieces and there is no open injury or wound around or near  the fracture

2.       Compound fracture :-  in this type of fracture the skin is torn by the braken bone which may protrude through the wound

3.        Complicated fracture :- in this type of fracture the surrounding structure. E.g: muscle, blood vessels nerve joints,joint capsule etc.are also damaged in addition to the break in the bone

4.       Comminuted fracture :-this type of fracture is characterized by breaking of a bone into several fragments

5.       Depressed fracture :- in tjis type of injury , a piece  of bone pressed down on the soft tissue

6.       Greenstick fracture :- in this type of fracture  the bone is not completely braken, the incompletely broken. The incompletely broken bone bends at the siteof injury resembling the  incompletely splintered break in a green stick . such type of fracture occur in children

Signs & Symptoms of fracture :-

a.       History of injury

b.      Pain at the site of injury

c.       Unnatural mobility of the affected extremities

d.      Loss of function

e.      Bleeding at the site of injury in case of compound fracture

f.        Pain aggravated by ovement &there is iften a grating that can be heard by examiner

g.       There is swelling in the area of fracture