Blood Coagulation Factor

Blood Coagulation Factor :-

Terms for written Factor Name Is always In Roman Character 

I Fibrinogen :- 

- it is type of Protein Polypeptide
- It Is High Molecular Weight Protein
- It Molecular weight is about 3,40,000
- It Convert into Fibrin
- it Synthesize in liver
- 0.3% Of Plasma protein of total protein

II Prothrombin :- 

- Inactive Plasma α2-globulin protein
- Molecular weight about 68,700
- Synthesize in liver
- Powerful Accelerating stimulus Due to property of Increasing Synthesize Of Prothrombin

III Tissue Thromboplastin :-

- Type Of Lipoprotein , Release By Platelets
- Found In Inactivated Form From Thromboplastin
- For Activating Thromboplastin from prothromboplastin , Factor Number IV & VII Required

IV Calcium Ion :-

- It act for intrinsive Pathway for blood Coagulation,
- Help In Activation Prothrombin Activator ( Thrombokinase)
V Labile Factor :-
- These are also Called pro-acceleralin or Accelerator globulin (AcG)
- synthesize In Liver

VII Proconvertin / Stable Factor :-

These are also called Serum Prothrombin Converstion Accelerator (SPCA)

VIII Anti-Haemophilic Factor -A (AHF-A) :-

Also Called Anti-Haemophilic Globulin -A (AHG-A)

IX Anti-Haemophilic Factor -B (AHF-B) :- 

also called PTC
X Stuart-Prover Factor :-
- Synthesize In Liver
XI Anti-Haemophilic Factor-C (AHF-C) :-
- Plasma Thromoplastin antisedent (PTA)
- Synthesize In Liver
XII Contact Or Surface Factor :-
also called Hagemen factor
XIII Fibrin Stabilizing Factor / Laki Lovand factor :-
- Also called Fibrinase
- It is type of Enzyme
Mechanism :-
Blood Clotting Having 3 Main Steps :-
- 1st => Formation Of Prothrombin Activator
- 2nd => Conversion Of Prothrombin to Thrombin 
- 3rd => Conversion of Fibrinogen to fibrin , Which Make Blood Clot
* These Are Having 2 Main Type of Mechanism
FORMATION OF PROTHROMBIN ACTIVATOR :-
1. Extrinsive Mechanism Pathway :-

Trauma to Blood Vessel
2. Intrisive Mechanism :-

Trauma To Blood itself
CONVERSION OF PROTHROMBIN TO THROMBIN

Prothrombin ----Ca++ ----> Thrombin
Fibrinogen (soluble) ---- Thrombin -----> Fibrin (insoluble)
Clot Retardation :-
Blood Clot Separate From Blood Plasma
@ Role Of Platelets :-
Vicious Cycle = Bllod Clot Is A Viciuos cycle in which blood clot form & promote more clot formation
@ Role Of Serotonin :-
Release From Liver , it is type of Lipoprotein , argewntaffin cell located at base of crypts of lierberputin in intestinal mucosa
- Mast cell of areolar connective tissue
- Also release from blood platelets
ANTICOAGULANTS :-
These are Those Factor Which Prevent blood coagulation
1. Heparin :-
* Basophiles (-vely Charged Heteropolysaccheride synthesize By Basophile
* Mast of Connective tissue & liver
*it increases effectively of anti-thrombin III Factor IX, X, XI, XII
* if Excess in Heparin in blood leads serious clotting in blood which neutrilize by protoamine
2. Anti-Thrombin :-
* Powerful Anti-coagulant factor, it prevent synthesis of thrombin
* It is Anti-thrombin Heparin Co-factor & it's bind with thrombin
3. Endothelial factor :-
i) Smoothlial Factor :-
Smoothness of Endothelium prevent intrisive mechanism of blood clotting
ii) Glycocalyx :-
Basic type of mucopolysaccheride , it adsorb in the inner surface of cell, repel the clotting factor & platelets
iii) Thrombomodullin :-
it is endothelial cell bound protein , which not only bind thrombin to slow clotting process . But Also plasma protein C, Which inactivated te activate factor V & VIII factor
4. ɑ-Macroglobulin :-
Globulin stop protolytic breaking of active site
5. Hirudin :-
Present in saliva of salivary gland of leech
Anti-coagulants in Plants :-
6. Warfarni :-
* Decreases formation of prothrombin , act as Strong Depressent
* it's Lower down formation of vitamin K , Which is important for prothrombin
7. Sodium Oxalate, Sodium Citrate , EDTA :-
They Bind As Ca ion & act as Chelating Ion
8. Chilling of Blood :-
Also Prevent blood clotting
@ Role Of Vitamin-K :-
Anti-Haenorphic Factor,
- Decrease In Vitamin-K cause a deficiency Called Hypothrombinmia