LIPID

LIPID :-

   These are naturally occuring heterogenous organic compounds which are insoluble in water but soluble in fat solvents and on hydrolysis yield fatty acids

@ Classification :-

   1. Simple Fat :-

            these are esters of fatty acids with various alchohal , these are of two types

i) Neutral fat :-

      these are ester of fatty acids with a trihydroxy alchohol , so two components are formed by this are
a) glycerol , b) fatty acids
# Saturated Fatty acids = these are those in which hydrocarbon chain is hydrophobic (Water hating) and carboxyl group is hydrophillic ( water loving)

@ Types of Fatty acids :-

i) Essential fatty acids :-

these are have to be taken from outide not produced in our body i.e = linoleic acid, linolenic acid

ii) Non- Essential Fatty acids :- 

        These are those which synthesize in our body , no need to taken from outside i.e :- palmitic acid , stearic acid

@ Types of glycerides :-

- Monoglycerides :-

         fat-glycerol with one fatty acid

- Diglycerides :- 

         Fat-glycerol with two fatty acid

- Triglycerides :-

        Fat-glycerol with three fatty acid

2. Compound lipids :-

        these are those molecules having certain non-fatty element

@ Types :-

i) Phospholipids :-

        these are diester of phosphoric acid, in this two fatty acid molecules linked  OH group of glycerol molecules

ii) Glycolipids :-

           these don't contain glycerol but linked with more sugar moleculeas at C1 carbon

iii) Gangliosides 

3. Derived Fat :-

          these are those which formed by hydrolytic cleavage of simple and compound lipids

@ Types :-

- Fatty acids
- Alchohols

@ Cholesterol :-

     White, crystalline, odourless,tasteless animal sterol  . Found on cell membrane in which they form myelin sheath,
- Excess uses of this causes Cardiovascular problem Like Arteriosclerosis, antherosclerosis, hypertension etc
- Normal Value in adult id 1.6 g/liter of blood and excess cause problem

@ Steroid Harmone :-

          fat Soluble harmone Having Sterol Ring Derived From Cholesterol