INORGANIC CEMENTING MATERIALS
These are those material that exhibit properties of setting and hardening when mixed with water
@ Lime :-
lime may be defined as consisting essentially either of calcium oxide or of calcium oxide together with a smaller proportion of magnesium oxide formed by burning a natural rock at such temperature that it will slake, when brought in contact with water
@ Manufacturing of lime :-
lime can be obtained by heating of limestone by calcinating method , calcination always done in continous vertical kilns, heating in this klins are mainly by burning of fuel
@Type of lime :-
- Fat lime :-
produced by burning of pure calcium carbonate which contain 95-98% calcium oxide, these making used for making mortars, joining thin brick and etc
- Poor lime :-
this contain 70-80% of calium oxide and 5% of magnesium oxide together with silica and iron oxide, mainly used in mortar purposes and interior work
- Hydraulic limes ;-
these contain 5-30% clayey matter more than 2% of magnese calcium oxide in this varies 70-80% , this are used in making taal chimney, cement, marine works etc
these hydraulic limes are classified on the bases of clayey matter as
- freebly limes= 5-15%
- Moderately = 15-20%
- Eminently limes = 20-30%
@ Properties of lime :-
there are some properties which a lime must have are
* Slaking ;-
process of lime to divide into fine particles
* Plasticity :-
ability of lime to spread during application
* Exposure to air ;-
when lime kept in open air it shouls absorb some moistue , CO2, and after applying warter swells and disintegrates
* Hardening ;-
process of hardening of lime mixure with water
* Hardness ;-
capacity of the lime mortar to resist abrassion and impact on setting
@ Gypsum :-
these are the extensively used raw material for the manufacturing of plaster , it is widely used to making castings tilesand surgical bandages
@ Cement ;-
a material possessing adhesive and cohesive properties and capable of bonding material like stones, bricks etc
@ Classification :-
i) Puzzolana cement :-
materail which when mixes with lime without using of heat to form hydraulic cementing cement
ii) Slag cement :-
they are made in blast furnanceslag and hydrated lime
iii) Portland cement :-
extremely fine powered particles obtain by mixture of argillaceous and calcareous as raw material
@ manufacturing of portland cement ;-
i) mixing of calcaerous materials, argillaceous material, powdered coal and gypsum
ii) Buring done in rotatary klin
iii) cooled clinked are grounded to fine powder as in grinding process
iv) now at last packaging done in which cement is stored in silos
@ Physical Requirement of steel :-
- setting time not more than 30 minute
- Compressive strength for 3 day not less than 1.6kg/mm(square)
- cement on hydration not change its volume not much
- Fineless not less than 215m(square)/Kg
@ Special cement :-
ther are some special cement which used for some special purposes are
* Aluminous cement ;-
made by fusing of bauxite and limestone at 1,500-1,600 celcius in rotatory klin
* White portland cement :-
their raw material are those compounds which are free from iron oxide
* stronium cement :-
these cement are tribarium and dibarium silicates obtained by replacing of calcium by barium and stronium
* Acid resistant cement :-
these are produced by inert acid resisting material
* Water proof cement :-
these are obtained by adding water proofining substances into ordinary portland cement
@ Concrete :-
these are used in building and structural material, these are inert material which readily moulded into desirable shape when needed
# uses :-
- In building purposes
- making tank
- makes arches
- making monuments
- making foundation etc
# Reinforced concrete construction :-
plain concrete has a great compressive strength, but little ability to withstand tension , it is used in possesses greater rigidity, moisture and fire resistances, it also used to preventing cracks and maintainance purposes
These are those material that exhibit properties of setting and hardening when mixed with water
@ Lime :-
lime may be defined as consisting essentially either of calcium oxide or of calcium oxide together with a smaller proportion of magnesium oxide formed by burning a natural rock at such temperature that it will slake, when brought in contact with water
@ Manufacturing of lime :-
lime can be obtained by heating of limestone by calcinating method , calcination always done in continous vertical kilns, heating in this klins are mainly by burning of fuel
@Type of lime :-
- Fat lime :-
produced by burning of pure calcium carbonate which contain 95-98% calcium oxide, these making used for making mortars, joining thin brick and etc
- Poor lime :-
this contain 70-80% of calium oxide and 5% of magnesium oxide together with silica and iron oxide, mainly used in mortar purposes and interior work
- Hydraulic limes ;-
these contain 5-30% clayey matter more than 2% of magnese calcium oxide in this varies 70-80% , this are used in making taal chimney, cement, marine works etc
these hydraulic limes are classified on the bases of clayey matter as
- freebly limes= 5-15%
- Moderately = 15-20%
- Eminently limes = 20-30%
@ Properties of lime :-
there are some properties which a lime must have are
* Slaking ;-
process of lime to divide into fine particles
* Plasticity :-
ability of lime to spread during application
* Exposure to air ;-
when lime kept in open air it shouls absorb some moistue , CO2, and after applying warter swells and disintegrates
* Hardening ;-
process of hardening of lime mixure with water
* Hardness ;-
capacity of the lime mortar to resist abrassion and impact on setting
@ Gypsum :-
these are the extensively used raw material for the manufacturing of plaster , it is widely used to making castings tilesand surgical bandages
@ Cement ;-
a material possessing adhesive and cohesive properties and capable of bonding material like stones, bricks etc
@ Classification :-
i) Puzzolana cement :-
materail which when mixes with lime without using of heat to form hydraulic cementing cement
ii) Slag cement :-
they are made in blast furnanceslag and hydrated lime
iii) Portland cement :-
extremely fine powered particles obtain by mixture of argillaceous and calcareous as raw material
@ manufacturing of portland cement ;-
i) mixing of calcaerous materials, argillaceous material, powdered coal and gypsum
ii) Buring done in rotatary klin
iii) cooled clinked are grounded to fine powder as in grinding process
iv) now at last packaging done in which cement is stored in silos
@ Physical Requirement of steel :-
- setting time not more than 30 minute
- Compressive strength for 3 day not less than 1.6kg/mm(square)
- cement on hydration not change its volume not much
- Fineless not less than 215m(square)/Kg
@ Special cement :-
ther are some special cement which used for some special purposes are
* Aluminous cement ;-
made by fusing of bauxite and limestone at 1,500-1,600 celcius in rotatory klin
* White portland cement :-
their raw material are those compounds which are free from iron oxide
* stronium cement :-
these cement are tribarium and dibarium silicates obtained by replacing of calcium by barium and stronium
* Acid resistant cement :-
these are produced by inert acid resisting material
* Water proof cement :-
these are obtained by adding water proofining substances into ordinary portland cement
@ Concrete :-
these are used in building and structural material, these are inert material which readily moulded into desirable shape when needed
# uses :-
- In building purposes
- making tank
- makes arches
- making monuments
- making foundation etc
# Reinforced concrete construction :-
plain concrete has a great compressive strength, but little ability to withstand tension , it is used in possesses greater rigidity, moisture and fire resistances, it also used to preventing cracks and maintainance purposes
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