NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENT AND NUTRITIONAL TYPE OF MICRO-ORGANISM
@ Nutrition :-
Chemical substance required by living organism for maturation
- Bacterial required very simple requirement with water abseltive necessary for their energy and raw material for metabolic process
- Some basic requirements are such as vitamin, mineral, organic solid substrate in large quanlity are macronutrient
- And nutrient which required as in small proportion are called micronutrient, such as Mn, Zn, Co, Mo, Ni, Cu etc
- Environment factor such as 02 ,pH level, osmotic concentration etc also effect microbial growth
@ Classification of nutrients
A) On bases of C-contain bases nutrients ,may be
i) Inorganic nutrient :-
Atom or molecule that contain combination of atom other than carbon and hydrogen
Ex;- metal and their salts
ii) organic nutrients :-
Carbon and hydrogen atom and usually product of living organism
Ex:- lipids, fat, protein etc
@ Carbon :-
Most essential element of all living matter, micro-organism require carbon in form of carbon dioxide, many of micro-organism used carbon from any source almost from every thing for their activity
@ Nitrogen :-
Essential element in certain cellular macromolecule like pyrimidine, purine, enzymes Co-factor etc ,some microbes use atmospheric nitrogen while some use take nitrogen from ammonium salts
@ Sulphur :-
Sulphur main components part of some biotin carbohydrates ,it obtained either as elemental salts or as inorganic salts
@ Phosphorous :-
Used in phosphate salts, it include formation of nucleic acid, phospholipid and etc
@ Potassium , Calcium ,Iron,Magnesium
All Are supplied by inorganic salts and exist in cells as cation, responsible for cell enzymatic reaction
@ Vitamins :-
For proper growth it is essential, also known as co-enzyme for active enzyme reaction
@ Water :-
All cell require water for various metabolic and celluler activity
@ source of Enzyme :-
Constant supply of energy is required to carry out cellular activities like biosynthesis and degradation
C) Light energy :-
Organism using light as a source of energy are called photoautotrophes
ii) Chemotrophes :-
Energy obtained using oxidantion of chemical compound like glucose
D) Source of electron :-
Depending upon the source of electron by micro-organism
i) lithotrophes :-
They are those which use reduced inorganic substance also called rock eater
ii) Organotrophes :-
They are those which form organic compound
Note :-
Micro-organism requires all of these nutrient in proper balanced proportional for proper growth, maintenance, metabollic and cellular activities
@ Nutritional type of micro-organism :-
i) Photalithoautotrophes :-
Micro-organism in this field use light energy as energy source and inorganic substance as electron source and CO2 as the primary carbon source Ex:- algae
ii) Photo-organoheterotrophes:-
Organism used light as source of energy and organic compound as electron and carbon source Ex:- purple and green non-sulphur bacteria
iii) Chemolithoautotrophes :-
Organism used inorganic source of energy and electron as CO2 as source of carbon Ex:- mortifying bacteria
iv) Chemo-organoheterotrophes :-
Organism use organic compound as source of energy electron and carbon
Ex:- Protozoa
@ Nutrition :-
Chemical substance required by living organism for maturation
- Bacterial required very simple requirement with water abseltive necessary for their energy and raw material for metabolic process
- Some basic requirements are such as vitamin, mineral, organic solid substrate in large quanlity are macronutrient
- And nutrient which required as in small proportion are called micronutrient, such as Mn, Zn, Co, Mo, Ni, Cu etc
- Environment factor such as 02 ,pH level, osmotic concentration etc also effect microbial growth
@ Classification of nutrients
A) On bases of C-contain bases nutrients ,may be
i) Inorganic nutrient :-
Atom or molecule that contain combination of atom other than carbon and hydrogen
Ex;- metal and their salts
ii) organic nutrients :-
Carbon and hydrogen atom and usually product of living organism
Ex:- lipids, fat, protein etc
@ Carbon :-
Most essential element of all living matter, micro-organism require carbon in form of carbon dioxide, many of micro-organism used carbon from any source almost from every thing for their activity
@ Nitrogen :-
Essential element in certain cellular macromolecule like pyrimidine, purine, enzymes Co-factor etc ,some microbes use atmospheric nitrogen while some use take nitrogen from ammonium salts
@ Sulphur :-
Sulphur main components part of some biotin carbohydrates ,it obtained either as elemental salts or as inorganic salts
@ Phosphorous :-
Used in phosphate salts, it include formation of nucleic acid, phospholipid and etc
@ Potassium , Calcium ,Iron,Magnesium
All Are supplied by inorganic salts and exist in cells as cation, responsible for cell enzymatic reaction
@ Vitamins :-
For proper growth it is essential, also known as co-enzyme for active enzyme reaction
@ Water :-
All cell require water for various metabolic and celluler activity
@ source of Enzyme :-
Constant supply of energy is required to carry out cellular activities like biosynthesis and degradation
C) Light energy :-
Organism using light as a source of energy are called photoautotrophes
ii) Chemotrophes :-
Energy obtained using oxidantion of chemical compound like glucose
D) Source of electron :-
Depending upon the source of electron by micro-organism
i) lithotrophes :-
They are those which use reduced inorganic substance also called rock eater
ii) Organotrophes :-
They are those which form organic compound
Note :-
Micro-organism requires all of these nutrient in proper balanced proportional for proper growth, maintenance, metabollic and cellular activities
@ Nutritional type of micro-organism :-
i) Photalithoautotrophes :-
Micro-organism in this field use light energy as energy source and inorganic substance as electron source and CO2 as the primary carbon source Ex:- algae
ii) Photo-organoheterotrophes:-
Organism used light as source of energy and organic compound as electron and carbon source Ex:- purple and green non-sulphur bacteria
iii) Chemolithoautotrophes :-
Organism used inorganic source of energy and electron as CO2 as source of carbon Ex:- mortifying bacteria
iv) Chemo-organoheterotrophes :-
Organism use organic compound as source of energy electron and carbon
Ex:- Protozoa
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