Chasis And Bodies

Chasis And Bodies (MECH 6th)

@ Automobile :-

         it is the self propellent vehicle . which are used for transporation  over the ground , here self propellent vehicle mean the vehicle which run with their own power

* Component of an automobile 

i) Body :-
    body is that part of an automobile where the passenger can sit in the material  used for making of a body can be wood, steel glass etc. the body is fixed to the chasis. the shape of the body depends upon the use of the vehicle
ii) Chasis :-
        the portion of the vehicle without body is caleed chasis, the chasis consist of following major limits these are
- Frame/Basic structure
- Power point
- TRansmission system
- Axles
- Wheels and tyres
- Suspension system
- Electrical system
- Steering system
- Breaking system

 # Classification of automobile :-

* Capacity :-

         Heavy motor vehicleslike buses and trucks and light motor vehicles like car ,jeep, motorcycle

* power Source :-

          Petrol vehicle such as scooter, bike etc.
Diesel vehicles like buses, trucks, etc
Gas vehicles like battery operating system

* Wheel :-

          Two wheelerlike bike
Three wheeler like Auto
Four wheeler like Car, jap
Six wheeler like TRuck, Busses

* Maker or brand :-

     scooterr vehicle like bajaj, LML,
motor cycle like HEro, Yahama
Car vehicle like Mahindra, suzuki, toyota etc

* Drive :-

     right hand drive or left hand drive

* Transmission :-

       Conventional or manual
Semi automatic
Automatic

* Purpose :-

       passenger vehicle like bus , car
Load vehicle like Truck, Pick up etc

@ Layout of chasis :-

         Frame is most Responsible for the layout of chasis. the chasis frame must so strong , light and able to withstand vehicle load , vibration and shock. it consist of long members and cross member which are joint together with the help of nuts, bolts, welding are used for frames
i) Channel section
Ii) Box section
iii) Tubular section

# Types Of chasis Frame :-

          - Conventional type :-

                     These are formed in form of "A" or "X" or "K" in order to achieve maximum strength more commonly used form is"A" Type is narrowed  at the frontand this two long number called the side member to the side member , cross member fastened front side width is reduced

- frameless chassis ;-

         This frame used for light vehicle like car , here body od the automobile play the role of frame also due to this weight of vehicle is reduced

- Half frame anf half Body :-

            This type of chasis also used in car, in this front consist of section frame and the half rear and the body of the vehicle

# Types of Drive :-

  A) According to placement of steering 

i) Left hand drive :-

              In this type of drive the steering wheel is fitted toward the left side of the vehicle ,

ii) right hannd drive :-

           The steering wheel is fitted towards the left side of the vehicle , the right side                              

B) according to number of driving wheels;-

- Two Wheel drive
- Four wheel drive
_ 6>< 4 wheel drive

 i) two wheel Drive:-

            In this type the two wheels on front axle or rear axle are connected with engine power other two wheels are mounted on the dead axle, we can further classify in as front wheel drive and rear wheel drive
* front Wheel drive :-
            In this type oof system Power of the engine is transmitted to front axle which drives front wheels it is generally used in cars

# Advantages :-

         - there is a no need of propellent shaft as the front wheels are near to the engine
- simplified linkage are required for clutch
- height of chasis can be lower

# Disadvantages :-

 - as the weight at the front end is increased the steering become heavy
- It is not preferable while going up

ii) Rear wheel drive :-

       In this system power of the engine is transmitted to rear axle with the help of propellent shaft which drives rear wheel , used in jeep, pick up etc, no  Complicating mechanism for steering is required as the driving wheel is different. as the weight is provided at rear and the steering of the vehicle cbecome easy

# Disadvantages ;-

 - as the propeller shaft and universal joint are used the vehicle become heavy and costly

iii) four wheel drive :-

          In this DRive system power of engine is transmitted to all four wheel such as front wheel and rear wheel such as front wheel and rear wheel of the vehicle

# advantages :-

 - It is very useful on rough surfaces
- It is useful in sports and millitary

# Disadvantages :-

- Initial cost of vehicle is increase
- Weight of vehicle is increase
- Running cost of the vehicle is increased

iv) 6><4 Wheel drive :-

          this type of drive is used in heavy transport which have four wheel on the rear axle . the wheel are fitted on the rear axle . which is driven by the engine power. this system is used in trucks and buses . advantages of this arrangements is that the four wheel gives more stability to the vehicle against spiding
     the disadvantages are that effeciency is reduced due to more friction of four  wheel